IPM Thoughts

       ·        IPM is a field oriented approach based on certain bio-ecological, physiological, agronomical,        
          sociological, mythological, economical philosophies and thoughts.

•  These thoughts and parameters are need to be validated in field to make scientific data base on scientific parameters.
•  The natural resources need to be exploited and promoted for management of pest based on the sociological requirement i.e health and trade.
•  IPM is a variable technology which may vary from crop to crop, pest to pest, area to area, season to season and also as per need and requirement.
•  IPM is also based on the risk involved with the pest.
•  IT based technology may help to maintain IPM database and quick transmission of surveys and other related informations from field to field to base station.
•  The field activities in IPM will be done by human resources hence empowerment of human resources is the key factor for promotion of IPM.
•  Agro eco system and its both biotic and abiotic components are regulated and maintained by the natures which are responsible for the pest build up. Prior information about the weather fluctuation and weather change is also required for managing the IPM strategy for which liaison with the meteorological department is also necessary.  
•  The growing of crops with minimum expenditure and least disturbance to environment is the main objective of IPM.
•   Non availability of IPM inputs are the key constraint in the IPM implementation.
•  Pests and pesticides both have now become a threat to bio-security.
•  The crop production depend upon the crop health which is also responsible for the buildup of pest population in the agro-eco-system, hence Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has become a part of total crop health management system.
• One side new threats are emerging out in form of emerging pest problems both of invasive and indigenous nature, due to regular and more International trade and change in the weather and climate another side new policies are also coming out to maintain the smooth trade. We have to produce the crop as per the standard of International trade and health requirement of men and animals to avoid non-compliances in the exported agricultural commodities from importing countries. As per International trade norms we have to export only pest free as well as pesticide residue free agricultural commodities for which very responsive and less use of pesticides is needed which is possible only adoption of IPM by promoting and using non chemical methods.  
• We have to use the IT base technology wherever feasible and possible to seek the quick response.

MILESTONES IN PLANT PROTECTION

1.     DIP Act	1914
2.     Locust Warning Organization	1939
3.     Dte. of PPQ&S	1946
4.     Insecticides Act	1968
5.     Rules for Implementation of Insecticides  Act	1971
6.     Bio-control	1972
7.     CIPMC	1991
8.     PQ order	2003
9.     Monitoring of Pesticides Residues	2006
10. Online registration of Pesticides	2010
11. Online PQ service	2011

Milestones in Integrated Pest management (IPM) in India

Year	Milestones
1957-58	Establishment of Central Plant Protection Stations (CPPS-13 Nos.)
1966	Establishment of Central Plant Protection Training Institute (CPPTI) Hyderabad. Later on renamed as National Plant Protection Training Institute (NPPTI) Hyderabad.
1970-71	Establishment of Central Surveillance Station (19 Nos.)
1970-71	Establishment of Central Biological Control Stations (05 Nos.) which later on became 11nos.
1980	Short duration Training programme on Bio Control at Bangalore.
1981	IPM Demonstrations in Rice (40 ha.) and Cotton (10 ha.) started.
1981	2 days trainings on IPM on request of states.
1984	IPM trainings with the assistance of FAO/UNDP.
1984	Season Long Training Programmes.
1985	Policy statement on IPM by the then Hon’ble Agriculture Minister
1990-91	Establishment of Central Integrated Pest Management Center (CIPMC) – 26 Nos. which later on became 31 Nos. 4 New CIPMCs were also sanctioned during 12th Five Year Plan during 2015-16, which are being established
29-30 June, 1992	A National workshop on IPM for harmonization of Package of Practices was organized at NPTI, Hyderabad.
5-6 Nov.,1992	A National workshop on IPM for harmonization of Package of Practices was organized at Directorate Hqrs Faridabad and 20 IPM Packages were evolved.
1992-93	A Crash programme of IPM training (each of one month duration) at CPPTI  to make master Trainers in the states
1992-93	IPM cluster demonstrations cum FFS.
1993-94	FAO-IPC one month trainings in rice, state Level Conference.
1994-95	Three Tier trainings FFSs, SLTP and Demo of IPM FFS.

14-17 May, 2001	Updation of IPM package of Practices and develop 31 New Package of practices.
20-22 Feb, 2002	Updation of IPM package of Practices which were published in April 2002 and developed 31 New Package of Practices.
2005-06	2 days & 5 days trainings.
2005-06	SLTP of one month duration.
24 Oct, 2008	National Institute of Plant Health Management (NIPHM) was established as an autonomous organization under DAC.
2009-10	CROPSAP programme was implemented by states like Odisha and Maharashtra under RKVY Scheme.
---	Bio-control labs – 352 nos.
2014-15	e-pest surveillance was sanctioned during 12th  Plan.
2014-15	IPM SOP was prepared.
2014-15	Pest diagnostic unit was sanctioned in 12th Plan.
	Data management cum pest forecasting unit Sanctioned in 12th Plan.
	Mitigation of pest emergency cell Sanctioned in 12th Plan.
	Quality control of bio-pesticides.