Govt is an advisory and facilitating body to implement IPM or any scheme

1.Govt is an advisory and facilitating  body.It can aware us ,facilitate us and motivate us but the implementation part lies with us .It is up to us in what way we can take the benefit  of Govt advice .If we can follow  the advice and implement  the schemes in proper way with timely planning, timely preparedness, and timely and properly implemention then we can get the full benefit of the scheme.This is the proper way of implemention of any scheme whether it is IPM or any other scheme.

 2.    Each and every farmer of the country is doing IPM in their fields but with their own ways and means and objectives without caring  the community  health, Environment, ecosystem, biodiversity, nature and society.If the farmers are doing IPM without caring these things then is is not IPM Farming because they are not fulfilling  the basic objectives of IPM.which is doing plant protection with due care of community health, Environment,ecosystem  biodiversity  nature and society. 

. Govt can only facilitate you I implement IPM by way of creating infrastructure, and providing IPM inputs in time but it is up to us how to implement the schemes and to get the benefit from the schemes .

 3.       Timely awareness and motivation,people  coordination and cooperation,proper quarantine and strict Surveillance, timely reporting the problem and timely decision making  are very essential, to combat the pest emergency  or also to implement  IPM.

4. We must be proactive ever ready to fight and combate the pest emergency or problem with advance planning preparedness .

   5.Our life is operated and made functional by the nature and its resources through it's different types of ecosystems hence we must give importance to nature and its resources and society also to sustain  life on earth. Lets conserve nature and its resources to sustain life on earth.Lets take timely action for healthy earth,healthy life.Lets implement IPM with timely planning timely  preparedness ensuring timely  availability of IPM inputs, men  ,materials,Machines,methods and money.

Priority and timely Efforts are needed to combat any problem.

वर्ष 2020 अंतरराष्ट्रीय पादप स्वास्थ्य वर्ष

वर्ष 2020 को भारत सरकार ने अंतरराष्ट्रीय पादप स्वास्थ्य वर्ष  के रूप में मनाने का फैसला किया है जिसका मुख्य उद्देश्य स्वस्थ फसल पैदा करना है l खेती या कृषि आजकल बहुउद्देशीय धंधा हो चुका है lआज के सामाजिक, आर्थिक, प्राकृतिक एवं पर्यावरणीय परिदृश्य एवं परिपेक्ष में स्वस्थ फसल उत्पादन एवं फसल सुरक्षा के तरीके सुरक्षित, स्थाई ,लाभकारी ,आय व व्यापार को बढ़ावा देने वाले तथा समाज व प्रकृति के बीच तालमेल रखने वाले तथा किसानों की जीवन शैली या जीवन स्तर में सुधार लाने वाले और जीवन के जीने की कला को सरलतम तथा सुगम बनाने वाले होने चाहिए l स्वस्थ समाज के निर्माण हेतु स्वस्थ एवं सुरक्षित भोजन आवश्यक है l स्वस्थ एवं सुरक्षित भोजन  उत्पादन हेतु स्वस्थ इनपुट्स जैसे मिट्टी ,पानी, कीटनाशक ,उर्वरक ,अनुकूल जलवायु तथा मौसम एवं सही टेक्नोलॉजी आवश्यक है l इंटीग्रेटेड पेस्ट मैनेजमेंट यानी  एकीकृत नासि जीव प्रबंधन खेती करने का वह तरीका है जिसमें हम कम से कम खर्चे में ,कम से कम एवं न्यायोचित ढंग से न्यायोचित मात्रा में रसायनिक उर्वरकों एवं रसायनिक कीटनाशकों का उपयोग करते हुए  पर्यावरण, इको सिस्टम ,जैव विविधता , समाज एवं प्रकृति को कम से कम नुकसान पहुंचाते हुए स्वस्थ एवं सुरक्षित तथा भरपूर फसल का उत्पादन किया जाता है l भारत सरकार के प्लांट प्रोटक्शन ,क्वॉरेंटाइन एंड स्टोरेज  निदेशालय के सभी अधिनस्थ कार्यालय  विशेष तौर से सेंट्रल इंटीग्रेटेड पेस्ट मैनेजमेंट केंद्रों के द्वारा इंटीग्रेटेड पेस्ट मैनेजमेंट की तकनीक का training and demostration के द्वारा प्रचार एवं प्रसार करके स्वस्थ फसल एवं व्यापार हेतु गुणवत्ता युक्त कृषि उत्पादों का उत्पादन करने में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान किया जाता हैl  स्वस्थ समाज के लिए सुरक्षित भोजन  का उत्पादन अत्यंत आवश्यक है l स्वस्थ फसल एवं सुरक्षित भोजन के उत्पादन हेतु गुणवत्ता युक्त कृषि इनपुट ,अनुकूल जलवायु ,उपयुक्त पर्यावरण या उपयुक्त मौसम तथा उपयुक्त टेक्नोलॉजी आवश्यक है l स्वस्थ फसल के उत्पादन हेतु गुणवत्ता युक्त मिट्टी तथा गुणवत्ता युक्त पानी दो प्रमुख प्राकृतिक इनपुट प्रयोग किए जाते हैं l रसायनिक कीटनाशकों एवं रसायनिक उर्वरकों के अंधाधुंध प्रयोग से मिट्टी एवं पानी दोनों की गुणवत्ता खराब हो चुकी है तथा मिट्टी की उत्पादक क्षमता पर बुरा असर पड़ रहा   है l इसके साथ ही साथ मिट्टी एल्कलाइन या छारीय होती जा रही है l अधिक पानी  चाहने वाली  फसलों  का लगातार  उत्पादन करने से  कुछ इलाकों में पानी का स्तर काफी नीचे जा चुका हैl इन परिस्थितियों को देखकर हमें वहीं फसलों का उत्पादन करना चाहिए जो इन परिस्थितियों में पैदा हो सकें तथा स्वस्थ उत्पादन दे सके l मिट्टी की गुणवत्ता हेतु भारत सरकार ने 19 फरवरी 2015 से मृदा स्वास्थ्य योजना  लागू की गई है इस योजना के अंतर्गत मृदा परीक्षण करके   किसानों के लिए मृदा स्वास्थ्य कार्ड जारी किए जाते हैं जो मृदा परीक्षण एवं मृदा स्वास्थ्य के आधार पर खेत में प्रयोग किए जाने वाले उर्वरकों एवं न्यू ट्रेंस के बारे में सिफारिश सिफारिश   भी प्रदान करते हैं l   जिसके आधार पर किसान अपने खेतों में उर्वरकों की सही मात्रा यानी  न्यायोचित मात्रा प्रयोग करके मिट्टी की गुणवत्ता को एवं उपजा यू क्षमता को सुरक्षित रख सकते हैं l

          अक्सर यह भी देखा गया है कि विशेष तौर से शहरों के आसपास की जाने वाली फसलों में किसान सीवरेज तथा औद्योगिक इकाइयों से निकलने वाला जहरीला पानी भी सिंचाई के काम में लाते हैं जिससे फसल जहरीली पैदा होती है l  ,अतः हमें इन पानी का उपयोग सिंचाई के लिए नहीं करना चाहिए l रसायनिक पेस्टिसाइड्स एवं फर्टिलाइजर्स के अंधाधुंध प्रयोग से मिट्टी में पाए जाने वाले सूक्ष्म जीवाणु जो की फसल उत्पादन में अपना महत्वपूर्ण योगदान देते हैं की संख्या भी नष्ट हो रही है  l मिट्टी  स्वस्थ फसल के उत्पादन में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान देती है अतः हमें मृदा स्वास्थ्य का ध्यान में रखकर मृदा स्वास्थ्य कार्ड में दी गई सिफारिशों के अनुसार रसायनिक उर्वरकों का इस्तेमाल करके स्वस्थ फसल उगानी चाहिए l

       यह भी देखा गया है कि जिन स्थानों पर हम अधिक पानी चाहने वाले फसलों का लगातार उत्पादन करते हैं उन स्थानों पर भूमि जल स्तर काफी नीचे जाने लगा है l अतः ऐसे स्थानों पर हमें उचित फसल चक्र बदलना चाहिए तथा कम पानी वाली फसलों के उत्पादन को बढ़ावा देना चाहिए इस बारे में माननीय प्रधानमंत्री जी का पर ड्रॉप मोर  crop प्रति बूंद अधिक फसल वाला मंत्र को अपनाना चाहिए तथा पानी का सीमित एवं न्यायोचित ढंग से उपयोग करना चाहिए l पानी का खेतों में ही संरक्षण  करना चाहिए तथा टपक सिंचाई एवं फवारा सिंचाई तथा संरक्षित खेती का को बढ़ावा देना चाहिए  l

            स्वस्थ एवं सुरक्षित फसल के उत्पादन हेतु बिना रसायनिक वाली विधियों को बढ़ावा देना चाहिए तथा रसायनिक कीटनाशकों एवं रसायनिक उर्वरकों को सिर्फ आपातकाल स्थिति से निपटने के लिए ही प्रयोग करना चाहिए l

       उपरोक्त कृषि इनपुट के अलावा ग्लोबल वार्मिंग तथा जलवायु परिवर्तन जैसी  विश्व स्तरीय समस्याएं भी फसल उत्पादन एवं फसल सुरक्षा में अपना विशेष महत्व रखती हैं अतः हमें ऐसा फसल चक्र एवं ऐसी फसल उत्पादन एवं फसल सुरक्षा तकनीक इस्तेमाल करना चाहिए जो केउपरोक्त ग्लोबल वार्मिंग एवं क्लाइमेट  जैसे  आपदाओं से होने वाली समस्याओं का निदान कर सकेंl.  

       स्वस्थ फसल उत्पादन हेतु गुणवत्ता युक्त बीज, गुणवत्ता युक्त कीटनाशक एवं उर्वरक ,जैविक उपाय ,फसल निगरानी आदि सभी उपायों एवं तकनीकों को समेकित रूप से प्रयोग करना चाहिए तथा रसायनिक कीटनाशकों एवं रसायनिक उर्वरकों की ओवरडोज प्रयोग नहीं करनी चाहिए l रसायनिक कीटनाशकों का उपयोग सी आई बी एंड आर सी के सिफारिश के अनुसार ही करना चाहिए इसके लिए हाल ही में पेस्टिसाइड मैनेजमेंट बिल 2020 भारत सरकार की कैबिनेट ने   पास कर दिया है जिसका उद्देश्य गुणवत्तापूर्ण रसायनिक व जैविक कीटनाशकों की कृषकों को आपूर्ति करना है l

         भारत सरकार के वनस्पति संरक्षण     sangrodh एवं संग्रह  निदेशालय के अधीनस्थ केंद्रीय एकीकृत नासिजीव प्रबंधन केंद्रों  के द्वारा ग्रो सेफ फूड अभियान 2014 से चलाया गया इस अभियान के तहत पेस्टिसाइड्स के जुडिशियस यूज को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक संदेश  वाले   होर्डिंग विभिन्न सार्वजनिक स्थानों पर देश के हर प्रदेश मैं लगाए गए और जागरूकता पैदा की गई की कीटनाशकों का उपयोग सही फसल ,सही पेस्ट ,सही टाइम ,पर सही मात्रा में, तथा सही विधि अपनाकर करें lइसके साथ-साथ यह भी बताया गया कि कीटनाशकों का उपयोग सीआई बी एंड आरसी के द्वारा दी गई संस्तुति के अनुसार ही करें  जिससे कीटनाशकों का फसलों में कम उपयोग हो सके और  सुरक्षित एवं स्वस्थ फसल पैदा की जा सके l

     इसके अतिरिक्त अंतरराष्ट्रीय व्यापार हेतु गुणवत्ता युक्त तथा स्वस्थ कृषि उत्पादों के उत्पादन के लिए कीड़े बीमारियों खरपतवार ओं एवं कीटनाशकों के अवशेषों से मुक्त कृषि उत्पादों को पैदा करने के लिए विभिन्न प्रकार के कदम उठाए गए हैं, जैसे एक्सपोर्ट या निर्यात किए जाने वाले कृषि उत्पादों का उत्पादन एपी डा के देखरेख में सिर्फ रजिस्टर्ड कृषकों के द्वारा ही किया जाना तथा उनका निर्यात से पूर्व विस्तृत इंस्पेक्शन करने के लिए  पैक हाउसेस बनाना और उन्हीं पैक हाउस में से हो करके उनका इंफेक्शन करना और निर्यात के लिए फाइटोसैनिटरी सर्टिफिकेट प्रदान करना  l

 Let's Grow healthy crop for healthy Nation

 स्वस्थ राष्ट्र बनाने हेतु स्वस्थ फसल  उगाएं

जहरीली खेती को सुरक्षित खेती में बदलें

About the Directorate of plant protection,quarantine and storage.IPM as a responsibility of the Central Govt.

A devastating famine was appeared in the Bangal province of British India during second world war during 1943_1944.Nearly 2.1 to 3 million deaths were estimated due to this this famine .Brown leaf spot disease on rice crop caused by Helminthosporium Oryzae now called as H .miyabeans was responsible to cause Bengal Famine.An inquiry commission headed by Sir John Woodhead was appointed by the  Govt.of British India in 1944 to investigate Bengal Famine 1943.This commission published it's report in 1945 with the recommendation of the establishment of a Central plant protection Organisation which was established in the year 1946 initially at Ashaf Ali Road New Delhi which was renamed as The Directorate of Plant Protection ,quarantine and Storage and finally shifted to Faridabad in the year 1969.

       Although Agriculture is a state sibject however plant protection is placed in the concurrent list of constitution of India and Govt of India has been entrusted the Advisory and co ordinating role on plant protection besides directly responsible to implement Insecticides Act 1968 ,DIP Act 19 14,Locust warning and control in Schedule Desert Area (SDA) and implementation and demonstration of New innovative technologies related with plant protection,like Integrated Pest Management ( IPM).All the activities related with plant protection are being implement ed in different states by the Directorate of plant protection , quarantine and storage through its sub stations located in different states of India.All the  schemes  being implemented by the Directorate of plant protection, quarantine and Storage are the compoents   of IPM with different objectives .

       The scheme strengthening of plant quarantine facilities in India under DIP Act 1914 and Plant Quarantine Order 2003 is being implemented to prevent entry of new pests in India  called as Quarantine pests and diseases,to promote export of agricultural commodities,to provide new quality seeds of different crops ,control of invasive pests etc .All the schemes and activities related with Insecticides Act 1968 and it's rules 1971 are responsible to provide quality pesticides to the farmers,besides their manufacturing,sale transport,storage ,Disposal,registration, to avoid their side effects or ill effects on comminity health environment,society and nature .

     National Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programme was commenced from 1991_1992  through  the scheme Strengthening and Mordanization of Pest Management Approach in India.

The implementation and  promotion of   I P M and it's activities   among the state Agriculture Extension Officers and States Agricultural Universities  and farmers are carried out by 35 Central Integrated Pest Management Centers (CIPMCs) of the Directorate of PPQ & S located in different states of India through IPM trainings and Demonstrations in limited areas to promote IPM  technology in the  states as the nucleus  stations and arround  which the IPM activities should be popularised and promoted by the state Extension agencies to see their multiplier effects in the States for which there must be a strong linkage with  different state departments,State Agricultural Universities,KVKs,ICA R institutions etc.It is not the mandate  of CIPMCs to cover more and more area with the IPM activities with the limited staff found in CIPMCs .

        Directorate of Plant Protection Quarantine and Storage works as a development agency to develop the IPM activities and Technology after comingout  from the research agencies  to assess their feasibility and possibilities  , problems and constraints to be faced by the farmers while  implementating  the IPM methods and technology among the farmers and state agriculture Extension Officers working in the States as the research coming-out from the research institutions should not go to the hands of the farmers directly .

  I PM is committed to produce healthy,safe,and bumper crop harvest to eat and also to produce quality agricultural commodities to trade through international and national trades with minimum expenditure,minimum use of chemical pesticides,and minimum or least disturbance to community health, Environment, Ecosystem,biodiversity,nature and society,and also to upgrade the livelihood of the farmers,to ensure food security along with food safety ,to keep environment neat ,clean and green and suitable to sustain life on earth through management and conservation of nature and it's resources and other beneficial organisms found in agroecosystem and to make environment to sustain life on earth.

       Directorate of PPQ&S and it's IPM scheme was established to combat the situations of  crop failure due to pests emergencies due to 

pest outbreaks,pesticides ,introduction of invasive pests,and all the commitments of IPM described above to ensure food security, food safety,biosecurity,biodiversity for which Govt of India is self responsible.

    Govt of India is signatory  to the agenda of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNC E D)  ,1972 which accepts IPM as an effective way to reduce the use of the chemical pesticides.India recognizing the global concerns of adverse effects of the chemical pesticides on Environment,and human and animal health adopted IPM as the main plank of plant protection strategy in 1985.Since then number of initiatives have been taken to promote IPM in the country.National policy statement was made by the then Union Agriculture Minister of India  Shri Boota Singh ji  in 1985 .National policy on Agriculture 2000 and National policy on Farmers 2007also supported the IPM.Planning  Commission now known as NITI  Ayog document for 12th plan negative impacts of chemical pesticides also supported IPM.

       I PM is an international obligation and commitment under WTO to grow pests and pesticides free ,safe and quality agricultural commodities to promote smooth international or global trade.

      IPM is adopted to prevent and combat the emergencies caused due to pests,pesticides, Environmental problems and the problems emerging out and related with climate change and global warming to prevent famine,hunger and health related problems.

       IPM is a self defence system to save country from pest emergencies,food insecurity,natural resources depletion ,effects of global warming and climate  changes ,.All these liabilities lies with the central Govt.

      Considering the above mentioned commitments and IPM must be continues as a  central sector scheme  in the Dte.of plant Protection ,Quarantine  and Storage .

 

Chemical Pesticides in IPM

IPM is not against the use of the chemical pesticides but it is definitely against the misuse of the chemical pesticides .

 Use chemical pesticides as an emergency tool not as a priority tool as the the farmers are using them  as priority tools .They are being used by the farmers indiscriminately which is against the principles of the IPM.

 All the chmical pesticides are  poisons and harmful to the community health, environment,biodiversity  nature and society.None of the  chemical pesticide is safe. There is no good or bad pesticide.All the chemical pesticides are harmful to the health and nature.

  Pesticides does not help to enhance the crop yield .

  Indiscriminate use of the chemical pesticides may sometimes lead crop failure.

Calendar based application of the chemical pesticides neither advisable nor usefull to enhance the crop yield.

All the chemical pesticides are harmful and are need to be handled carefully.

  It is not  that the pesticides have failed but it is we who failed them by way of using them with none recommend ways and means .Let's use them as recommend by the CIBand R C as per five basic principle s ie  right pesticide,on right crop,against right pest ,with right dose and with  right methods.

  Pesticides are more harmful than the pests.

 Indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides is not an IPM practice whereas safe and judicious use of Chemical  pesticides is  an IPM practice.

       Say no to first use of the chemical pesticides.

Why the farmers are not listening to the Extension workers.

 Agriculture  has now become a multi objective based occupation and the objectives are changed as per our needs, requirements  to make our life more  comfortable.The farmers are sometimes not listening the extension workers because they  don't understand their real problems and  are not addressing and solving  their problems on spot.

 IPM and farmers requirements and problems are different. IPM is a way of plant protection with due care o

f community health,environment,ecosystem ,nature and society.Our most of the extension workers don't considers the problems associated with society and nature.If we do plant protection without carering nature and society then it is not IPM.

     Many Govt policies are not farmers friendly.The farmers are exploited by the Govt  and it's policies.The farmers are not given due importance by the Govt.Some of the such farmers problems are given below.

      The farmers are not allowed to fix

The minimum Support price of their agricultural produce.Their livelihood status is also not considered at par with Got servants and people of corporate sectors.Farmers are not being paid CCA,HRA,annual increment,Medical allowance,washing allowance,etc .Are they not require these  needs .Farmers needs are not considered by the Govt while fixing the minimum support price.Then why the farmer will listen  to the extension workers.The farmers are being exploited by the Govt and it's policies.

     The farmers need ready to use solutions for their crops .We the extension people are not able to provide the answers of their real problems .We don't go with the farmers with the solutions of their problems  as they want the solution of their problems on spot.We must  go to the farmers with full preparedness.We  are going to them with half hearted and half preparedness.Lets go  to the farmers with full confidence and full preparedness.We are also not going to the farmers with full confidence .Lack of confidence indicate that we have not done the work ourselves .I PM is a field subject which can only be learn in the field .

      Self awareness,self motivation,self participation and involvement create self confidence among extension  workers to implement the technology in proper way.If any extension  worker has not involved  himself in doing the practical demonstration of a technology or  IPM technology in a particular crop in particular area with a particular objective  then  he will  always be shaky and lack of confidence  for the implementation of IPM demonstration and he can not create the confidence among the farmers as he himself is not full of confidence to obtain  or to get desired results .Hence Extension  worker must have experience of doing or conducting IPM demonstration in a particular crop or in any crop.

      Timely planning and   Timely availability of quality  IPM inputs  to the farmers at their doorsteps is a pre requisites for doing IPM  Farmers Field Schools or for conducting IPM demonstrations among the farmers but oftenly  It is observed that the  availability  of IPM inputs is not ensured before the commencement of the IPM demonstrations or IPM Farmers Field Schools or training as the financial sanctions are not  received in time i. e . before sowing the crops .In such cases all the pre sowing practices or operations  are left or not done .Hence the planning for conducting IPM demonstrations or  I PM Farmers field  schools must be done before the crops of the previous season is harvested  .Similerly the IPM inputs must also be made available before the sowing of the crop in which the IPM demonstrations   are  to be conducted .Hence timely planning  and timely preparedness is a prerequisite for conducting IPM Farmers Field Schools.It is absolutely essential to establish  parallel Industries for the production of IPM inputs at par with the production of chemical pesticides  to ensure supply of IPM inputs at the door steps of the farmers.

       For implementation of IPM technology  among the farmers in a particular crop an extension worker  must become or behave like a farmer  to make the farmer as a scientist. Let's realize  the  farmers that IPM is not done only for their benefits but  it is also done for the benefit of the Environment, biodiversity, nature ,ecosystem and society.

    In view of today's social,ecological,Environmental, Economical,climatic,seasonal,scenarios  and context the concept of crop production and protection or IPM must be safe,sustainable,profitable ,income , business  , trade oriented and harmonious  with the nature and society and also able to improve the livelihood of the farmers and also be able to make their life easy and more comfortable as IPM is not dealing only the plant protection but also deals other aspects of life.

         Livelyhood of the farmers is not insured and assured .Even the Agricultural Scientists are not being given due importance and due respects as other scientists  are considered in our   country though food crops  are  cultivated by the farmers to provide and ensure the availability of food to all humanbeing found in our country.It is experienced that even humanbeing  and natural resources, are not being given  due importance though they are responsible to sustainour  life on earth.IPM is not a symbolic  activity but it is a practical concept.

IPM is committed to ensure

1 safe food,

2.Better Environment

3.Better community health

4.Universal brotherhood

5.Safe and protected ecosystem.

6.Safe and secure Agriculture.

7.Hormony with nature and society.

8.sustained life on earth.

9.safe and smooth trade.

10.Food security  along with food safety.

11.Natural balance in nature.

12.

Description of Integrated Pest Management

Integrated:-Using together with some objectives.

1.Mindsets of IPM stakeholders.

2.Methods of pest management

3.Technologies.

4.Themes and thoughts.

5.Chemical methods along with biological methods.

6.Scientific and social aspects of plant protection.

7.Emergency measures along with normal measures.

8.Various ideologies.

9.Role of various stakeholders.

10.Role of various natural resources .

11.problems and their solutions.

1

12.Different package of practices

13.Tradditional practices with modern practices.

14.Experiences of various IPM Stakeholders. .

                        Management

1.Pest population  below ETL.

2.Total crop health.

3.Natural balance in A E S.

4.Population of pests and defenders.

5.Food Security along with food safety

6.Pest  Emergency

7.Biotic and abiotic stresses.

8.Challanges of climate and global warming 

9.Problems of Society.

10.community health.

11.problems related with nature and society.

                   Pest

1.None of the organism of the universe is a pest.They are innocent animals and are the units of the ecosystem.If any organism behave like a pest it behave s under the provocative conditions created by man.

2.Lets not consider any organism as a pest without assesing it's pest risk.

3.A pest organism may not be a pest if the loss cause by it is below ETL.

4.While considering any organism as a we must also consider it's loss to the ecosystem, environment,nature and society etc. E TL of a pest differ from crop to crop,area to area,time to time ,stage to stage.variety to variety.