Quality revolution in Food Production – A need of the hour

There is a need to have a quality revolution in food production programme to provide safe food to human being, Fodder to cattle, Feed to birds as well as quality products to trade. For which there is a need to reduce the use of chemicals in food production programme by way of adopting Integrated Pest Management. 

IPM Concepts

1.      Suppression of Pest population below economic threshold level by using various practices of Pest management on priority basis in integrated manner aiming chemical pesticides as last resort. 

2.      Get rid of Pests with minimum expenditure and least disturbance to environment and ecosystem.

3.      Way forward from grow more food to grow safe food.

4.      To grow crops with minimum use of chemical pesticides and promoting the use of bio-pesticides and other nonchemical and traditional methods.

5.      Replacement of chemical pesticides with bio-pesticides.

6.      IPM combines biological control and appropriate farm management practices to minimize the use of chemical pesticides.

7.      Increase understanding of biological and ecological processes in agro eco system.

8.      Use of all practices of crop cultivation keeping community health/ animal health and environment safety at centre.

9.      To bring quality revolution in food production without compromising with food security.

10.  It is a set of practices or package of practices to suppress pest population below ETL  using pesticides as last resort.

11.  Utilization of all available techniques and resources to suppress the Pest population below ETL aiming least disturbance to environment and ecosystem.

12.  It is a way for doing food security and food safety simultaneously.

13.  It is way of managing pest population taking in to consideration of caring of community health, environment, bio-diversity, social and ecological  aspects, farmers safety, food security and food safety.

14.  It is a total crop health management system based or agro-ecosystem analysis.

15.  To provide detailed package of knowledge of pest management.

16.  It provide option of different practices of pest management aiming chemical pesticides as last option.

17.  It is multi disciplinary approach with coordinated efforts of all stake holders of IPM with close liaison and coordination with national and international agencies.

18.  Tolerate the loss due to pest population up to or below ETL to maintain natural ecological balance in nature.

19.  Manage the pest population along with conservation the population of bio-control agents found in agro eco system.

20.  Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecological approach which aims at keeping pest below economic thresholds level by employing all available alternate pest control methods and techniques such as cultural, mechanical and biological control with greater emphasis on use of bio-pesticides and pesticides of plant-origin like Neem formulation.  The use of chemical pesticides is advised as a last resort when pest crosses economic thresholds level (ETL).

21.   IPM aims to grow quality agri-products which must be free from pests (100%) as well as pesticides (below MRL) for export purpose.   

आई.पी.एम किसान खेत पाठशाला

नीलगगन के तले आई.पी.एम का पाठ पढ़ें ।

A school with no boundaries and ceiling where IPM is taught and practised is called as IPM Farmers Field School (FFS).

बिना चारदीवारी एवं छत की पाठशाला जहां आई.पी.एम का पाठ सिखाया एवं क्रियान्‍वयन (अभ्‍यास) किया जाता है आई.पी.एम खेत पाठशाला कहलाता है । खेत स्‍वयं हमें बहुत कुछ सिखाता है इसीलिए वह आई.पी.एम खेत पाठशाला कहलाता है ।

निश्‍चित अवधि (साप्‍ताहिक) के अन्‍तराल से खेत का भ्रमण करके खेत के फसल का अवलोकन करके खेत में पाये जाने वाले सभी जैविक व अजैविक कारकों की संख्‍या व तीव्रता आदि का आकलन करके अपने पूर्व अनुभव को समाहित करके फसल पर्यावरण पर पड़ने वाले प्रभाव को ध्‍यान में रखकर फसल पारिस्‍थतिक तंत्र का विश्‍लेषण को एक चार्ट पर बनाकर सभी जैविक व अजैविक कारकों के समेकित प्रभाव को ध्‍यान में रखकर खेत के लिए उत्‍तम कृषि क्रियाओं को करने के लिए निर्णय लेना आई.पी.एम खेत पाठशाला कार्यक्रम की प्रमुख गतिविधियां हैं । इससे कृषकों को स्‍वयं के अनुभव के आधार पर खेत के लिये स्‍वयं निर्णय लेने की क्षमता को विकसित करके कृषकों को निपुण व हुनरमंद बनाना आई.पी.एम किसान खेत पाठशाला का प्रमुख उद्येश्‍य है । प्रत्‍येक आई.पी.एम कृषक खेत पाठशाला में 30 कृषकों व 5 राज्‍य सरकार के कृषि प्रचार एवं प्रसार कार्यकर्ताओं को एक पूर्व प्र‍शिक्षित कोर ट्रेनिंग टीम के द्वारा लगातार सप्‍ताह में एक बार एक ही खेत में जाकर कृषकों को संपूर्ण फसल अवधि तक प्रशिक्षित किया जाता है जिससे वे अपने खेत के बारे में स्‍वयं निर्णय ले सकें । प्रशिक्षण के लिए अनौपचारिक शिक्षा पद्धति एवं स्‍वयं करके सीखने की विधि अपनाई जाती है ।    

Pesticides

1.     Pesticides are poisons. They should be used safely.

2.     There is no good or bad pesticide. All pesticides are poisons should be handled carefully. Earlier Endosulfane was used as safest insecticides but this pesticide was banned for use in India by Hon’ble Supreme Court of India. None of the pesticides is safer pesticides.

3.     The pesticides are not being used but they are being misused by the farmers.

4.     Pesticides are used indiscriminately without assessing their need for the field.

5.     Pesticides are handled by the farmers without recommended methods or procedure without safety precautions.    

6.     The pesticides have become the status symbol of the farmers. They procure the pesticides in advance in bulk quantity before onset of the crop season.

7.     Safe and judicious use of pesticide is needed.

8.     Pesticides are putting adverse effects on bio-diversity of a particular crop eco system. Many beneficial organisms of eco-system are killed with the use of pesticides.

9.     The pesticides have been proved as boon for achieving self sufficiency and Green Revolution in food production but in other side the pesticides failed on many occasions and resulted the crop failure also. Pesticides have not failed but it is we who failed the pesticides by misusing them.

10.                        Pesticides do not care for our health and environment.

11.                        Indiscriminate use of pesticide shave resulted crop failure on many occasions.

12.                        Earlier the pests were considered as potential threat to the bio security but now the pesticides are being considered as a major threat to the bio security.

13.                        The schedule based application of pesticides is neither needed nor required for crop yield.

14.                        Pesticides are more harmful than pests.

15.                        Pesticide do not discriminate the good or bad organisms found in agro-eco-system. They kill all organisms.  

16.                        Liberal and indiscriminate use of pesticides have resulted several ill effects associated with health and environment. Other problems such as, pest resurgency, resistancy development in pests against several pesticides, problem of pesticide residue in food fodder, body, milk, pollution in air, soil and water etc. are the major problems associated with the pesticides.

17.                        Consumptions of Pesticides –

S. No.	Year	Pesticides consumption in (Metric Tone)
1.	1950-51	250
2.	1965-66	15000
3.	1990-91	75000
4.	1999-2000	46155
5.	2005-06	39773
6.	2006-07	43407
7.	2007-08	41637
8.	2008-09	43860
9.	2009-10	41821
10.	2010-11	55540
11.	2011-12	52979
12.	2012-13	45619
13.	2013-14	60282
14.	2014-15	57353

18.                        Pesticides are being used as first priority Plant Protection inputs which need to be used as last priority inputs.

19.                        Now the chemical pesticides need to be replaced with bio-pesticides as extent as possible.

20.                        Quality control of chemicals & bio pesticides is need to be ensured.

21.                        Generally the pesticides dealers are acting as Plant Protection Advisor to the farmers who are giving and recommending the pesticides as per their own interest even cocktail of several pesticides is recommended by them which is not advisable, hence the pesticide dealers must be agriculture graduate and need to be trained properly.

Pesticides are ready to use solution for pest management with knock-down effect on the pests due to which they were promoted by the farmers. 

एकीकृत नाशीजीव प्रबंधन, (आई.पी.एम.) किसान खेत पाठशाला / I.P.M FARMERS FIELD SCHOOLS

“एकीकृत नाशीजीव प्रबंधन / इन्‍टीग्रेटेड पेस्‍ट मैनेजमेन्‍ट  (आई.पी.एम.) किसान खेत पाठशाला” एक अनौपचारिक शिक्षा पद्वति है जिसके माध्‍यम से किसानों को उनके अनुभवों को समाहित करते हुए खेतों में ही वैज्ञानिक कृषि पद्वति से स्‍वयं करके सीखने की प्रक्रिया द्वारा एकीकृत नाशीजीव प्रबंधन के बारे में प्रशिक्षित किया जाता है ताकि वे अपने खेतों की कृषि क्रियाओं के बारे में स्‍वयं निर्णय ले सकें ।  

              I.P.M Farmers Field School is a non-formal education system through which the farmers are trained about I.P.M through learning by doing method and applying their own experience to make them self decision maker about their fields.   

एकीकृत नाशीजीव प्रबंधन / INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

एकीकृत नाशीजीव प्रबंधन वनस्‍पति स्‍वास्‍थय प्रबंधन की एक प्रमुख विधि है जिसमें नाशीजीव नियंत्रण की विभिन्‍न विधियों को एक साथ सम्मिलित रूप से आवश्‍यकतानुसार प्रयोग करके नाशीजीवों की संख्‍या को आर्थिक हानि स्‍तर के नीचे सीमित रखा जाता है । इस विधि में रासायनिक कीटनाशकों को अंतिम उपाय के रूप में सिफारिश की गई संस्‍तुति के अनुसार प्रयोग किया जाता है ।

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an eco-friendly approach which aims at keeping pest population at below economic threshold levels by employing all available alternate pest control methods and techniques such as cultural, mechanical and biological with emphasis on use of bio-pesticides and pesticides of plant-origin like Neem formulations. The use of chemical pesticides is advised as a measure of last resort when pest population in the crop crosses economic threshold levels (ETL). 

Adopt IPM to provide

Adopt IPM to provide:

Safe food to eat

Safe air to breath

Safe water to drink

Safe products to trade 

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is to grow crop with minimum use of chemical pesticides

1.      Agriculture itself is an integrated technology involving various packages of practices being used in integrated manner.   

2.      Integrated Pest Management is also a kind of package of Practices involved to suppress the  pest population below ETL.

3.      Farmers themselves are doing IPM  keeping using chemical pesticides as priority IPM input which need to be replaced with last priority input.

4.      IPM is a way of managing pests below ETL with minimum use of chemical pesticides using various practices in Integrated manner. IPM practices don’t operate in isolation as they are coexistent with each other for crop  production and protection programme.

5.      There is a need to promote non chemical methods of Pest Management to reduce the use of chemical pesticides. However, safe and judicious use of chemical pesticides can be used as last resort as per the recommendation of CIB&RC based on five basic principles: five basic principles i.e. right pesticide, on right crop, at right time, against right pests,  with right dose with right method.  The instructions given on label and leaflets of pesticides containers may be strictly followed.

6.Discourasing the poisonous farming. 

7.

Essential needs of IPM implementation

1.      Change of Pro-pesticidal mindset, becoming sympathetic to all living organisms of agro ecosystem (both harmful and beneficial), giving due importance to human animal  and soil  health, ensuring availability of IPM inputs at door steps of farmers are the essential needs of implementation of IPM.

2.      Creation of awareness about ill effects of Chemical pesticides among various stakeholders of IPM i.e. farmers, pesticides dealers, research and extension workers politicians and policy makers etc. Educate, Motivate and make the farmers competent about using non chemical methods of IPM are the essential activities need to be implemented for adaption and implementation of IPM.

3.      Regular observations and surveillance of crop field, expert decision making aiming last priority of chemical pesticides and safe and judicious use of chemical pesticides   as per recommendation of CIBRC are the prime requirements to promote IPM.

4.      Timely and correct advice to the farmers about IPM is also needed for adoption of IPM. 

What is Agriculture ?

          Agriculture is an integrated approach in which a group of various types of packages of practices is used to cultivate the crops, raising animals and doing various allied activities related with forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, trade and marketing etc.

 Each package of practices is a set of different practices used for particular purpose in integrated manner. Agriculture is an integrated technology evolved based on experiences. The basic objective of agriculture is to provide bumper harvest of crop with minimum expenditure and also to ensure the marketing, sale storage and preservation of agriculture produce.      

आई.पी.एम संदेश

     

       मनुष्‍य सहित सभी प्राणियों को खाने हेतु सुरक्षित भोजन प्रदान करना, पीने के लिए सुरक्षित जल प्रदान करना, सांस लेने के लिए शुद्ध एवं सुरक्षित हवा प्रदान करना तथा तथा रहने के लिए उपयुक्‍त आवास, वातावरण एवं पर्यावरण प्रदान करना आई.पी.एम के मुख्‍य उदद्येश्‍य हैं इसके अतिरिक्‍त सभी प्राणियों के प्रति संवेदनशीलता की भावना रखना जिसमें लाभदायक जीवों को फसल वातावरण में संरक्षित करना तथा हानिकारक जीवों की संख्‍या को आर्थिक हानि स्‍तर के नीचे सीमित रखना एवं धरती मां जो हमारे लिए भोजन उत्‍पन्‍न करती है के स्‍वास्‍थ्‍य का ध्‍यान रखते हुए मिट्टी की उर्वरा शक्ति को बनाए रखना आई.पी.एम के क्रियान्‍वयन के मूल सिद्धांत हैं । जरा सोचो कि उपरोक्‍त उदद्येश्‍यों को पूरा करने के लिए हमें कृषि‍ क्रियाओं (Agricultural Practices) में क्‍या–क्‍या अभूतपूर्व परिवर्तन करना चाहिए जिनका किसी अन्‍य प्रकार से कोई दुष्‍परिणाम न हो । जिस दिन आपने इस ओर चिंतन करके अपने आई.पी.एम पद्धति के प्रयोग में इस प्रकार की परिवर्तित कृषि क्रियाओं एवं संसाधनों को शामिल कर लिया एवं उनका उपयोग करना प्रारंभ कर दिया उसी दिन आई.पी.एम पद्धति उच्‍च शिखर तक पहुंच जाएगी, परन्‍तु इसके लिए प्रबल इच्‍छाशक्ति एवं आई.पी.एम के सभी भागीदारों में परस्‍पर सहयोग होना परम आवश्‍यक है ।   

      अगर इच्‍छाशक्ति मजबूत है तो बाधाएं खुद ही रास्‍ता दे देंगी । जरूरत है, मन में इच्‍छाशक्ति रखते हुए इस ओर आवश्‍यक कदम उठाने की । सभी आई.पी.एम के कार्यकर्ताओं से अनुरोध है कि प्राणिमात्र एवं पर्यावरण के कल्‍याण हेतु इस ओर सोचें एवं प्रभावी कदम उठाएं ।

Speech on Superannuation Day of RamAsre (APPA-IPM)

How to adopt IPM

How to adopt IPM-Part II

1.      To manage pests with minimum use of chemical pesticides.

2.      Maintain pest population below ETL.

3.      Central and states must have a well elaborated IPM policy.

4.      IPM is a multidisciplinary approach used in coordinated manner. 

5.      Tolerate the loss of pests upto ETL to maintain balance in agro ecosystem.

6.      Promote non chemical practices on priority basis.

7.      Use chemical pesticides as last resort based on absolute need.

8.      Conserve bio-control agents found existing in agro-ecosystem regulating the pest population.

9.      Promote bio-pesticides instead of chemical pesticides.

10.  Observe field regularly and analyse the need of crop field.

11.  Avoid indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides.

12.  Food safety, farmers safety, environment safety, trade safety may also be ensured simultaneously while doing IPM.

13.  All the agronomic and cultural practices from sowing to harvest are important for implementation of IPM approach.  These cultural and agronomical practices must be  made accountable while doing  IPM.

14.  Pesticides have proved boon in early stages of their use but become curse  due to their misuse.  It is not that pesticides have failed but it is we who failed them by way of using with non recommended ways and means. We must use them as per the recommendation given by CIB&RC as per five basic principles i.e. right pesticide, on right crop, at right time, against right pests,  with right dose with right method.